12. Property, plant and equipment

Land and buildings
Freehold
£m
Long
leasehold
£m
Short
leasehold
£m
Plant and
machinery
£m
Fixtures
and
fittings
£m
Assets
under
construction
£m
Total
£m
Cost or valuation
At 1 January 2011207.01.819.9723.035.024.01,010.7
Additions1.10.519.12.120.843.6
Acquisition of business0.70.31.0
Exchange differences(4.1)(0.2)(0.7)(16.2)(1.1)(0.1)(22.4)
Transfer from assets held for sale0.60.6
Recategorisation3.6(1.3)13.90.1(16.3)
Disposals(2.7)(0.1)(29.9)(3.2)(35.9)
Disposal of subsidiaries(0.2)(0.1)(0.3)
At 1 January 2012205.51.618.3710.432.828.7997.3
Additions0.90.113.01.033.848.8
Acquisition of businesses6.40.522.00.41.430.7
Exchange differences(6.3)(0.8)(22.6)(1.1)(1.3)(32.1)
Transfer from assets held for sale2.12.1
Recategorisation3.90.2(1.3)21.40.8(25.0)
Disposals(2.4)(0.4)(10.5)(1.6)(0.1)(15.0)
Disposal of subsidiaries(0.1)(0.4)(0.5)
At 31 December 2012210.01.816.4733.332.337.51,031.3
Accumulated depreciation and impairment
At 1 January 201169.90.610.5443.028.7552.7
Charge for the year5.40.30.639.92.048.2
Impairment losses incurred / (reversed)0.5(0.9)(0.4)
Exchange differences(1.4)(0.1)(0.3)(10.2)(0.8)(12.8)
Transfer to assets held for sale(0.1)(0.1)
Recategorisation0.1(0.3)0.3(0.1)
Eliminated on disposals(2.6)(0.1)(28.2)(3.1)(34.0)
Eliminated on disposal of subsidiaries(0.1)(0.1)(0.2)
At 1 January 201271.80.810.4443.826.6553.4
Charge for the year5.80.30.640.11.948.7
Acquisition of businesses0.48.10.28.7
Impairment losses incurred0.30.40.7
Exchange differences(2.2)(0.5)(14.0)(0.9)(17.6)
Transfer from assets held for sale0.40.4
Recategorisation0.3(0.4)0.1
Eliminated on disposals(0.7)(0.5)(8.9)(1.5)(11.6)
Eliminated on disposal of subsidiaries(0.1)(0.1)
At 31 December 201275.71.110.0469.526.3582.6
Carrying amount
At 31 December 2012134.30.76.4263.86.037.5448.7
At 31 December 2011133.70.87.9266.66.228.7443.9

The carrying amount of leased assets is £0.6m (2011: £0.7m).

The Group has pledged land and buildings having a carrying amount of approximately £0.5m (2011: £0.6m) to secure banking facilities granted to the Group.

At 31 December 2012 the Group had entered into contractual commitments for the acquisition of property, plant and equipment amounting to £3.7m (2011: £4.6m).

In addition to the above, property, plant and equipment amounting to £2.1m (2011: £5.3m) has been classified as held for sale.